NAME: Acacia nilotica
FAMILY: Fabaceae
COMMON NAMES: Acacia, Egyptian mimosa, gum arabic tree, thorn mimosa
LOCAL NAMES: Baani, booni, gabaruwa
USEFUL PART(s): Fruits, bark, exudates
GENERAL USES:
Farm animals consume the leaves and pods.
Twig of the tree serves as a toothbrush
The exudates of the tree are use for making paints, dyes and medicines.
The tree's wood is use for making tool handles.
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION
Australia
Egypt
Mozambique
South Africa
Pakistan
India
WHY IS IT GREEN?
Acacia nilotica medicinal uses include:
Joint pain
Diabetes
Leucorrhoea
Anaemia
Burns
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
The infestation of the tree speed up erosion processes
Nutrient cycle change pattern in the soil due to the fixing of Nitrogen by the tree
FURTHER READINGS
Arts, N. (2013). Phytochemical Analysis of Leaf Extract of Plant Acacia nilotica by GCMS Method. Advances in Biological Research, 7(5), 141–144. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.abr.2013.7.5.1110
Bachaya, H. A., Iqbal, Z., Khan, M. N., Sindhu, Z. ud D., & Jabbar, A. (2009). Anthelmintic activity of Ziziphus nummularia (bark) and Acacia nilotica (fruit) against Trichostrongylid nematodes of sheep. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 123(2), 325–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2009.02.043
Banso, A. (2009). Phytochemical and antibacterial investigation of bark extracts of Acacia nilotica. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 3(2), 082–085.
Carter, J. O. (1994). Acacia nilotica: a tree legume out of control. In Forage tree legumes in tropical agriculture (pp. 338–351).
Kriticos, D. J., Brown, J. R., Maywald, G. F., Radford, I. D., Nicholas, D. M., Sutherst, R. W., & Adkins, S. W. (2003). SPAnDX: A process-based population dynamics model to explore management and climate change impacts on an invasive alien plant, Acacia nilotica. Ecological Modelling, 163(3), 187–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3800(03)00009-7
Kriticos, D. J., Sutherst, R. W., Brown, J. R., Adkins, S. W., & Maywald, G. F. (2003). Climate change and the potential distribution of an invasive alien plant: Acacia nilotica ssp. indica in Australia. Journal of Applied Ecology, 40(1), 111–124. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2664.2003.00777.x
Omara, E. A., Nada, S. A., Farrag, A. R. H., Sharaf, W. M., & El-Toumy, S. A. (2012). Therapeutic effect of Acacia nilotica pods extract on streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy in rat. Phytomedicine, 19(12), 1059–1067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2012.07.006
Walters, M., & Milton, S. J. (2003). The production, storage and viability of seeds of Acacia karroo and A. nilotica in a grassy savanna in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. African Journal of Ecology, 41(3), 211–217. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2028.2003.00433.x
Wardill, T. J., Scott, K. D., Graham, G. C., & Zalucki, M. P. (2004). Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from Acacia nilotica ssp. indica (Mimosaceae). Molecular Ecology Notes, 4(3), 361–363. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2004.00697.x
Yadav, J. P., Sharma, K. K., & Khanna, P. (1993). Effect of Acacia nilotica on mustard crop. Agroforestry Systems, 21(1), 91–98. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00704929